The course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with fetal growth retardation syndrome

Abstract

DOI: 10.52705/2788-6190-2023-03-4
УДК 616.3/.5-06:618.33-007.12

The aim - to reveal the clinical features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with fetal growth retardation syndrome.
Materials and methods. A clinical statistical analysis of the course of pregnancy and childbirth was conducted in 216 women: the main group - 109 patients with fetal growth retardation syndrome (GRS), the comparison group - 107 pregnant women without GRS. The diagnosis of GRS was established on the basis of ultrasound and Doppler examination data using percentile curves. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard programs "Microsoft Excel 5.0" and "Statistica 8.0".
Research result. In the І trimester of pregnancy, patients in the main group were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with: the threat of termination of pregnancy - 43 (39.4%) cases (OR=1.3; CI=1.7-2.8) against 32 (29.9%) cases in accordance; gestational anemia was detected in 25 (22.9%) cases (OR=2.5; CI=1.2-27.9) against 15 (14.0%) cases in the comparison group, respectively, and acute respiratory diseases - in 13 (11.9%) cases (OR=4.7; CI=0.9-23.4) versus 5 (4.6%) cases. The analysis of the course of the II trimester revealed a significant difference regarding the threat of abortion, the frequency of which was 29 (26.6%) cases (OR=3.1; CI=1.2-8.3) against 16 (14.9%) cases, with the transition to ICN, the frequency of which was 6 (5.5%) cases (OR=5.1; CI=0.6-47.1), placental insufficiency and ZRP were observed only in the main group and amounted to 9 (8.3 %) cases and 6 (5.5%) cases, respectively. In the III trimester, the frequency of premature birth is significantly higher - 25 (22.9%) cases (OR=3.4; CI=1.2-10.3), placental insufficiency - 26 (23.8%) cases (OR= 18; CI =2.7-13.2) and preeclampsia – 18 (16.5%) cases (OR=3.4; CI=1.1-11.6). The frequency of caesarean section in the main group was 57 (52.3%) cases (OR=1.9; CI=0.9-3.8).
Conclusions. The course of pregnancy and childbirth in women with fetal growth retardation syndrome occurs with a significantly high frequency of the following complications: the threat of abortion, premature birth, gestational anemia from the early stages of pregnancy, early development of placental insufficiency, preeclampsia and a high rate of caesarean section.